The current state of broadcast TV in the United States continues to undwelm me as we fall behind other developed countries.
And the main issue is money. In our capitalistic economy, our broadcast networks don't want spend any money on innovation and won't do upgrades without being mandated by the government. And even so, we saw how that went with the switch from NTSC to ATSC and how that got delayed from 2004 to 2008 because the broadcast stations dragged their feet and lobbied for more time.
ATSC is based on broadcast and digital video encoding technology that is more than 30 years old today.
ATSC 3.0 was approved by the FCC in 2017. ATSC 3.0 biggest selling point is it allows for more modern video encoding formats, such as streaming platforms allow for today. Meaning we can much better quality, and unclogging of the air waves. A current 1080i HD broadcast requires between 150 and 200 megabits per second of bandwidth on the spectrum. With more modern video codecs, a 4k broadcast needs only 15 mbps.
ATSC 3.0 would allow for the following features to be added to broadcast tv.
- 4k
- HDR
- Paid Subscription Channels
- Pay Per View
- Digital Rights Management (ewww)
But despite being approved more than 5 years ago now, there has been almost no adaption. The broadcast networks don't want to spend money to update equipment so shortly after doing so around or before 2008 as "it's not in the best interest of their shareholders". Most TV's you buy today don't support it either, meaning we are back in another situation where set top boxes will be needed for most people to continue to watch TV after a station converts over to ATSC 3.0. In the few cities where ATSC 3.0 does exist (test markets were stations broadcast in both ATSC and ATSC 3.0 on different spectrums), the only set top boxes available to receive the newer signals are TiVo DVRs. However, for whatever reasons, these networks have decided to turn on the highest copy protection DRM flag meant for PPV only to be always on, which prevent the TiVo DVRs from being able to record or timeshift any broadcast. So essentially you have an expensive box where you need to pay for features you can't use. Not to mention, TiVo is likely to go out of business soon, or at least exist the DVR market altogether. During the Trump Administration, the FCC reversed a rule requiring cable companies to support third party equipment. So this means cable companies are saying people must once again use their set top boxes and are not support TiVo devices.
Because broadcast stations are not adapting ATSC 3.0, TV manufacturers are keeping off the feature list for low end and middle end TV Sets all to save an estimated less than $5 per TV set in hardware and royalty costs.
So, essentially, there will be no movement unless the government mandates it. And the government will not mandate without set top converter boxes being funded and provided to consumers by the government. Which has zero support from congress to fund with tax payer dollars. Fun fact, congress also did not support paying for the converter boxes during the ATSC transition. That was done so by the FCC with money they obtain with spectrum actions. There are currently no spectrum actions taking place and non planned with the transition to ATSC 3.0. So this is not an option. Set top converter boxes would need to be funded by the private sector, and we have a better chance of congress paying for them.
Meanwhile, Japan, Korea, India and parts of Europe have not only moved on to their equivalent of ATSC 3.0 years ago. They are already rolling out the next generation with 8k support and will be likely fully 8k before the US transitions to 4k.